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Efficacy of a conventional inferior alveolar nerve block compared to the Vazirani–Akinosi and Gow-Gates techniques for mandibular anesthesia
Rishabh Shah1, Pallavi Kalia2, BS Dayanithi3, Sunil Kumar Gulia4, Rishabh Bhanot5, Sasikanth Challari6
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Department of Dentistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
5 Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Jyoti Kendra General Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
6 Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Eluru, India
Correspondence Address:
Rishabh Shah
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, K. M. Shah Dental College and Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Pipariya, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/SDJ.SDJ_47_20
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Background: The conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) cannot be employed in clinical scenarios with trismus. In addition, it is a blind procedure, so failure to follow the ideal anatomical landmarks and improper positioning of the needle may result in anesthesia failure. This study evaluated whether the Vazirani–Akinosi (VA) and Gow-Gates (GG) techniques for mandibular anesthesia have superior outcomes in the form of fewer positive aspirations and rapid onset of action, as well as better anesthetic attainment. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy and associated complications of a conventional IANB compared to the VA and GG techniques. Method: The study involved 300 patients divided randomly into three groups of 100 patients each. Group I received mandibular anesthesia through the GG technique, Group II received mandibular anesthesia through the VA technique, and Group III received mandibular anesthesia through a conventional IANB. The onset of action, incidence of positive aspiration, and success of the anesthetic technique were assessed in all patients. Result: The Group II patients showed superior anesthetic success (97%) that was significantly different from the results of Groups I and III (P = 0.0241). The mean value of the onset of anesthesia was longer in Group I than in the other two groups. A significant difference was seen between the GG and VA techniques (P = 0.0001*) and between the GG and conventional IANB techniques (P = 0.0001*). Conclusion: The VA technique is considerably superior to either the GG or the conventional IANB techniques in terms of the onset of action and anesthesia success. Positive aspirations are encountered relatively more frequently with the conventional IANB technique.
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